Intee jeer ayaa loo beddelaa shaandhada hawada gaariga
10,000 ilaa 15,000 kilomitir ama beddelo hal jeer sanadkii, bey'adaha adag waxay u baahan yihiin inay gaabiyaan wareegga
Wareegtada bedelka ee shaandhada hawada ee gawaarida (filterka hawada) waxay u baahan tahay in lagu go'aamiyo masaafada wadis ee dhameystiran, u isticmaal jawiga deegaanka iyo xaalada gaariga. Waxyaabaha soo socdaa waa talooyin qaas ah:
Wareegga joogtada ah ee bedelka
Heerka masaafada: Xaaladaha badankood, waxaa lagu talinayaa in la beddelo 10,000 kasta oo kiiloomitir ah 15,000 kiiloomitir, iyo moodooyinka qaarkood waxaa lagu kordhin karaa 20,000 kiiloomitir.
Heerka Waqtiga: Haddii masaafada aan loo xilsanayn heerka, waxaa lagu talinayaa in la beddelo ugu yaraan hal mar sanadkii, gaar ahaan baabuurta qoyska ee leh ee la istcimaalo.
Sababaha deegaanka ayaa saamaynaya
Jawiga adag: Haze, ciid, catkin ama huurka, waa in la gaabiyaa 5000-6000 kiiloomitir ama 2-3 bilood kasta si loo hubiyo oo la beddelo.
Expressway: Haddii wadista xawaaraha-dheer ee xawaaraha-dheer iyo jawiga nadiifka ah, lagu kordhin karo 30,000 oo KM ah.
Waxqabadka iyo astaamaha ayaa soo jeedinaya
Haddii uu jiro qaadashada hawadu hooseyso, waxqabadka mashiinka daciifay ama ur gawaarida, waa inuu si dhakhso leh u hubiyaa oo beddelaa shaandhada hawada.
Gawaarida gaboobay ama xaaladaha wadista ee daran (tusaale, wadada ka baxsan, heerkulka sare) waxay u baahan tahay bedel badan oo isdaba joog ah.
Taxaddarro kale
Talooyinka soo-saaraha ayaa ku kala duwanaan kara moodalka si loo moodasho, iyo tixraaca buugga milkiilaha gaariga ayaa la door bidaa.
Miirayaasha hawadu si ka duwan ayey uga shaqeeyaan shaandhaynta hawada ee hawada, kuwaas oo badanaa lagu beddelo si isdaba joog ah (tusaale ahaan, 10,000 oo km ah ama nus-km).
Soo Koobid: Baadhitaan joogto ah oo ku saabsan heerka shaandhaynta hawada iyo hagaajinta dabacsan ee wareegga iyadoo la raacayo jawiga dhabta ah ee isticmaalka dhabta ahi waa tillaabooyin muhiim ah oo lagu ilaaliyo mashiinka oo loo ilaaliyo waxqabadka gaariga.
Miiraha hawada ee gawaarida (oo loo yaqaan filter filter) waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah nidaamka qaadashada mashiinka, doorkeeda ugu weyn ee ay tahay in ay sifeeyaan hawada, ka ilaaliso mashiinka kale ee waxyeelada leh, intaad hagaajinayso waxqabadka mashiinka iyo dhaqaalaha shidaalka. Kuwa soo socdaa waa doorka gaarka ah ee hawada hawada:
Shaandhaynta wasakhda hawada
Miiraha hawada ayaa si wax ku ool ah u shaandhumi karaa boodhka, ciidda, manka iyo walxaha kale ee hawada, ka hortaga in ay soo galaan dhululuuska kooxda, gaar ahaan si looga hortago in dhacdo "dhululubo jiidista".
Ilaali caafimaadka mashiinka
Markaad shaandhayso walxaha waxyeelada leh ee hawada, xargaha hawada ayaa yareyn kara ururinta kaarboon ee hawada iyo xirashada mashiinka oo fidinaya nolosha adeegga ee mashiinka. Hawo la'aantu waxay dardargelin doontaa xirashada iyo jeexitaanka qaybaha gudaha ee mashiinka, iyo xitaa sababa in mashiinka uu ku dhaawacmo xaaladaha daran.
Hufnaanta shidaalka ee la hagaajiyay
Hawo nadiif ah ayaa ka caawisa shidaalka gubashada si fiican, kaas oo hagaajiya wax soo saarka tamarta mashiinnada iyo dhaqaalaha shidaalka. Haddii miiraha hawada uu wasakh yahay, waxay u horseedi doontaa qaadasho aan ku filnayn, si shidaal aan loo gubin, kaasoo horseedi doona hoos u dhac ku yimid awoodda iyo kororka isticmaalka shidaalka.
Hagaajinta deegaanka wadista
Miiraha hawada sidoo kale wuxuu shaandhayn karaa walxaha waxyeelada leh ee hawada, sida bakteeriyada, fayraska, caaryada, caaryada, si loo siiyo jawi hawo nadiif ah oo caafimaad leh oo ay ka ilaaliso caafimaadka rakaabka.
Joogto waxqabadka nidaamka qaboojinta hawada
Miiraha hawada ayaa ka hortegi kara boodhka iyo wasakhda inuu galo nidaamka qaboojinta gawaarida, hawada ha u nadiifiso qaboojinta, si loo wanaajiyo qaboojinta iyo saameynta kuleylka ee qaboojiyaha, iyo hagaajinta raaxada wadista.
Xisaab
Qalabka hawada ee gawaarida ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaara nidaamka mashiinka, oo keliya kama difaacdo mashiinka waxyeelada, laakiin sidoo kale hagaajinta hufnaanta shidaalka iyo wadida raaxada. Sidaa darteed, mulkiiluhu waa inuu si joogto ah u hubiyaa oo ku beddelaa shaandhada hawada si loo hubiyo in had iyo jeer ay tahay xaalad shaqo oo wanaagsan.
Haddii aad rabto inaad waxbadan ka ogaato, sii wad aqrinta qodobbada kale ee boggan ku yaal!
Fadlan na soo wac haddii aad u baahan tahay wax soo saarka noocaas ah.
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