Dab-dhaliye baabuur.
Dab-dhaliye baabuurku waa tamarta ugu weyn ee gaadhiga, shaqadiisu waa in uu awood siiyo dhammaan qalabka korantada (marka laga reebo bilowga) marka matoorku si caadi ah u shaqeeyo, isla markaana uu batteriga ka qaado isku mar.
Iyada oo ku saleysan beddelka caadiga ah ee saddex-waji istator-wareegga ah, kordhi tirada dabaylaha leexinaysa oo ka bixi terminalka, ku dar set oo ah hagaajinta buundada saddex-waji ah. Xawaaraha hooseeya, dabaylaha aasaasiga ah iyo dabaysha fidinta ayaa si isdaba joog ah u soo baxa, xawaare sarena, kaliya dabaysha aasaasiga ah ee saddexda weji ayaa soo baxda.
Mabda'a shaqada
Mabda'a shaqada ee beddelka oo dhan
Marka wareegga dibadda uu tamarsiiyo berrinka oo ku dhex wareegaya burushka, goob birlab ah ayaa la soo saarayaa, si tiirka ciddida uu magnetized u galo tiirka N iyo tiirka S. Marka rotorku wareego, qulqulka birlabku si beddel ah ayuu isu beddelaa dabaylaha stator-ka, marka loo eego mabda'a soo-saarka korantada, istaatarka saddex-waji-geeseedka ayaa soo saari doona beddelka tamarta korantada. Tani waa sida beddelaaduhu u dhaliyo koronto.
Dhaqdhaqaaqa ugu muhiimsan (ie matoorka) waxa uu jiidaya koronto dhaliyaha firfircoon ee DC si uu ugu wareego xawliga n(rpm), iyo saddexda weji ee istator-ka dabaysha awooda AC. Haddii dabaylaha stator-ku uu ku xidhan yahay culayska korantada, matoorku waxa uu leeyahay awood AC, awooda AC waxa loo rogaa hadda toos ah oo ka timaada terminalka wax soo saarka iyada oo loo sii marayo buundada rectifier ee gudaha koronto-dhaliyaha.
Alternator wuxuu u qaybsan yahay laba qaybood oo ka mid ah dabaylaha stator iyo dabaylaha rotor, dabaylaha saddex-waji stator ah ayaa loo qaybiyaa qolofka iyadoo loo eegayo xagasha korantada ee 120 farqiga u dhexeeya midba midka kale, rotor-ku wuxuu ka kooban yahay laba cidi cidi. Marka dabaysha rotor-ku ay ku xidhan tahay toosan, way xiisaysaa, labada cidi tiir ee tiirkana waxay sameeyaan tiirka N iyo tiirka S. Xariiqda birlabku waxa ay ka bilaabataa tiirka N, waxa uu ka galaa xudunta istator-ka iyada oo u sii marinaysa farqiga hawada oo ku soo noqda cirifka S ee ku xiga. Marka rotor-ku wareego, dabaylaha rotor-ku wuxuu jarayaa xariiqda xoogga magnetic, wuxuuna dhalin doonaa xoogga koronto-dhaliyaha sinusoidal oo leh farqi u dhexeeya xagal koronto 120 darajo ee dabaysha stator, taas oo ah, beddelka hadda jira ee saddex-waji ah, ka dibna iyada oo loo marayo qaybiyaha hagaajinta ee ka kooban ee diodes galay wax soo saarka tooska ah hadda.
Marka batteriga la xiro, batarigu wuxuu marka hore bixiyaa hadda. Wareeggu waa:
Battery togan → dallacaadda iftiinka → la xidhiidh maamulaha → dabaysha xiisaha → birta dhabta → baytari taban. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, nalka tusaha dallacadu wuu shidmi doonaa iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay marinka hadda socda.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, ka dib marka matoorku bilaabo, marka xawaaraha koronto-dhaliyaha, koronto-dhaliyaha terminalku sidoo kale wuu kordhiyaa. Marka korantada wax-soo-saarka ee koronto-dhaliyaha uu la mid yahay koronta bateriga, awoodda dhammaadka "B" iyo dhammaadka "D" ee koronto-dhaliye waa siman yihiin, waqtigan, iftiinka tilmaamayaasha ayaa dami sababtoo ah farqiga u dhexeeya labada dhamaadkeedu waa eber. Waxay tuseysaa in koronto-dhaliye uu si caadi ah u shaqeynayo, tamarta kicintana waxaa keenay koronto-dhaliye laftiisa. Awooda korantada ee saddex-waji ee AC ee ay dhaliso dabaysha saddexda waji ee koronto-dhaliyaha ah waxaa hagaajiya diode-ka oo soo saara hadda si toos ah si ay u siiso tamarta rarka oo ay u dallacaan baytariga.
Beddelku guud ahaan waxa uu ka kooban yahay afar qaybood: rotor, stator, rectifier iyo dhamaadka dabool.
(1) Rotor
Shaqada rotor-ku waa in uu dhaliyo goob magnetic wareeg ah.
Rotor-ku waxa uu ka kooban yahay cidi-cidida, harqood, dabaysha magnetic field, giraanta ururiyaha iyo usheeda rotor.
Laba tiir oo cidi-didida ah ayaa lagu riixay shafka rotor-ka, mid kasta oo ka mid ah labada tiir ee ciddida ka mid ahina waxa uu leeyahay lix bir oo bir ah oo shimbiro ah. Wareegga birlabeedka birlabeedka (rotor coil) iyo harqood birlab ah ayaa lagu habeeyey godka cirifka cirifka.
Giraanta ururiyaha ayaa ka kooban laba siddo oo naxaas ah oo midba midka kale ka dahaaran yahay. Giraanta ururiyaha ayaa lagu riixaa shafka rotor-ka waxaana lagu dahaadhay shafka. Labada siddo ee wax-ururinta waxay ku xidhan yihiin labada daraf ee dabaysha magnetic field.
Marka labada siddo ee wax-ururinta la soo dhex mariyo tooska tooska ah (buraashka), waxaa jira qulqulka qulqulka magnetic, iyo qulqulka magnetic axial ayaa soo baxaya, si hal cidi cidi u noqoto magnetized to the N kan kalena waa magnetized. ilaa cirifka S, oo sidaas samaynaya lix-labo oo tiirar birlab ah oo isdhaafsan. Marka uu rotor-ku wareego, goob magnetic wareeg ah ayaa la abuuraa [1].
Wareegga magnetic beddelka waa: harqood →N tiirka → farqiga hawada u dhexeeya rotor iyo stator → stator → farqiga hawada u dhexeeya stator iyo rotor → S tiirka → harqood.
(2) Istaatarka
Hawsha stator-ku waa in uu dhaliyo hadda beddelka ah.
Stator-ku wuxuu ka kooban yahay istator core iyo gariiradda stator.
Xudunta stator waxa ay ka kooban tahay go'yaal bir Silicon la grooves in giraanta gudaha, iyo kaari ee dabaylaha stator waxaa gundhig jeexdin ee xudunta u ah.
Dabaylaha istator-ku waxa uu leeyahay saddex weji, saddexda weji dabaysha waxa ay qabataa xidhiidhka xiddigaha ama saddexagalka (awood sare), kaas oo dhalin kara saddex weji beddelka hadda.
Dabaysha saddexda weji waa in la dhaawaco iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudaha qaarkood si loo helo soo noqnoqosho isku mid ah, baaxad siman, faraqa wejiga ee 120° xoogga korantada ee saddex-waji.
1. Masaafada u dhaxaysa labada dhinac ee waxtarka leh ee gariiradda kasta waa inay la mid tahay meesha bannaan ee ay ku jirto bir birlab ah.
2. Masaafada u dhaxaysa cidhifyada bilawga gariiradaha ku xiga ee dabaysha weji kasta waa in ay la mid noqotaa ama in badan oo fogaanta ay ku jiraan laba bir oo birlab ah.
3. Cidhifka bilawga ah ee dabaysha saddexda weji waa in lagu kala saaraa xagal koronto 2π+120o
Beddelka taxanaha JF13 ee gudaha, laba ka mid ah tiirarka magnetic waxay ku xisaabtamaan booska bannaan ee 6 boosaska (60o xagal koronto ah halkii boosba), tiirka magnetic wuxuu xisaabiyaa booska bannaan ee 3 boosaska, sidaa darteed booska booska labada dhinac ee waxtarka leh gariiradda kastaa waa 3 boosas, masaafada u dhaxaysa cidhifka hore ee weji kasta oo dabayluhu ku dheggan yahay gariiradda 6 boosaska, cidhifka bilawga saddexda weji wuxuu noqon karaa kala soocay 2 naadi, 8 naadi, 3 naadi. 14 boos, iwm.
(3) toosiye
Doorka toosiyaha beddelka waa inuu u beddelo hadda beddelka saddexda weji ee istator-ka una beddelo hadda toos ah. Dib-u-habeeyaha 6-tube beddelka waa saddex-waji oo wareeg ah oo buuxa oo mawjada buundada ah oo ka kooban 6 diodes oo silikoon ah, iyo 6 tuubooyinka hagaajinta ayaa siday u kala horreeyaan loo riixay (ama welded) laba saxan.
1. Astaamaha diodes-ka toosiyaha silikoonka baabuurta
(1) Hadda shaqeeya oo weyn, celceliska hore ee 50A, kor u kaca hadda 600A;
(2) danab sare oo gadaal ah, rogaal celiska ugu sarreeya 270V, rogaal celiska ugu sarreeya ee aan soo noqnoqon 300V;
(3) Waxaa jira hal hoggaan oo keliya. Qaar ka mid ah hogaanka diode-ka ayaa ah kuwa togan, qaar kalena waa taban, tuubada leedhka togan waxa loo yaqaanaa tubbada togan, tuubada leedhka taban waxa loo yaqaannaa tubo taban, sidaas awgeed diode diode-ku waxa uu leeyahay diode togan iyo a diode xun.
(4) Daboolka dhamaadka
Daboolka dhamaadka waxa guud ahaan loo qaybiyaa laba qaybood (dabaysha hore iyo daboolka dambe ee dambe), kaas oo ka ciyaara doorka hagaajinta rotor, stator, rectifier iyo burushka. Daboolka dhamaadka waxaa guud ahaan lagu shubaa aluminium aluminium ah, kaas oo si wax ku ool ah uga hortagi kara daadinta magnetic oo leh waxqabadka kuleylka wanaagsan.
Daboolka dambe ee dambe waxa lagu bixiyaa burush ka kooban buraash, buraash haye iyo guga buraashka. Doorka burushka waa in la soo bandhigo sahayda korontadu iyada oo loo marayo giraanta ururiyaha gudaha dabaysha garoonka.
Xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya dabaylaha magnetic field (laba burush) iyo koronto-dhaliye waa ka duwan yahay, sidaas darteed koronto-dhaliye wuxuu u qaybsan yahay noocyo gudaha iyo dibadda ah.
1. Koronto dhaliyaha birta dhabta ah: Dab-dhaliye leh buraash taban oo dhulka birlabaysan leh (oo si toos ah ugu xidhan guriga).
2. Koronto-dhaliye-Dibadeed: Dab-dhaliye kaas oo labada burush ee dabaylaha garoonka ay ka go'doomiyeen guriga.
Electrode-ka taban (buraashka taban) ee dabaysha magnetic-ka ee koronto-dhaliyaha nooca dibadda ah ayaa ku xiran maamulaha, ka dibna birta ayaa ku xiran ka dib marka la dhaafo.
Haddii aad rabto inaad wax badan ka ogaato, sii akhri maqaallada kale ee boggan!
Fadlan na soo wac haddii aad u baahan tahay alaabtan oo kale.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. waxaa ka go'an iibinta qaybaha baabuurta MG&MAUXS soo dhaweyn si ay u iibsadaan.
