Nidaamka ka hortagga qufulka (ABS)
ABS waa tignoolajiyad la wanaajiyey oo ku salaysan aaladda biriiga caadiga ah, waana nooc ka mid ah nidaamka xakamaynta badbaadada baabuurta oo leh faa'iidooyinka ka-hortagga barafka iyo qufulka. Bareegga ka hortagga qufulka asal ahaan waa nooc la xoojiyey ama la hagaajiyey ee biriiga caadiga ah.
Nidaamyada ka hortagga qufulka waxaa loogu talagalay inay ka hortagaan qufulka bareegga iyo silbashada taayirrada marka ay adag tahay biriijku ama meelaha qoyan ama simbiriirixa ah, taasoo ku kordhisa badbaado kala duwan oo la taaban karo wadista maalinlaha ah iyada oo ka ilaalinaysa baabuurka inuu si khatar ah u simbiriiro oo u oggolaado darawalka inuu ilaaliyo kontoroolka isteerinka. marka la isku dayo in la joojiyo. ABS ma aha oo kaliya inay leedahay shaqada bareegga ee nidaamka bareegga caadiga ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxay ka hortagi kartaa qufulka taayirrada, si baabuurka uu weli u leexan karo gobolka bareegga, loo hubiyo xasilloonida jihada baabuurka, iyo ka hortagga dhinaca iyo leexashada, waa tan ugu badan. Aaladda bareegga horumarsan ee baabuurka leh saamaynta bareegga ugu fiican.
Nidaamka ka-hortagga qufulka waa in laga hortago in giraangiraha lagu xiro habka bareegga, taas oo keeni karta: xoogga bareegga wadada hoos u dhaco iyo waxtarka bareegu hoos u dhaco; Iska yaree nolosha adeegga taayirka, marka baabuurka uu jebiyo qufulka taayirrada hore, baabuurka wuxuu lumin doonaa awoodda isteerinka, xoogga dhinaca ayaa hoos u dhacaya marka la xiro taayirrada dambe, xasilloonida jihada bareegga ayaa hoos u dhacda, taas oo keeni doonta gaariga. si aad u leexiso oo u tuuro dabada ama dhinaceeda. Saamaynta habka xannibaadda ka-hortagga qufulka ee waxqabadka baabuurka ayaa inta badan lagu muujiyaa yaraynta fogaanta biriiga, ilaalinta awoodda isteerinka, hagaajinta xasilloonida jihada wadista iyo yaraynta xidhashada taayirka. Haddii ay dhacdo xaalad degdeg ah, darawalku waxa uu u baahan yahay oo kaliya in uu si adag u riixo badhka biriiga sida ugu macquulsan oo aanu sii deyn, waxyaabaha kale waxaa gacanta ku haya ABS, markaa darawalku waxa uu xoogga saari karaa wax ka qabashada xaaladda degdegga ah iyo hubinta badbaadada baabuurka.
Soo gaabinta nidaamka bareegga-hortagga qufulka waa ABS, iyo magaca buuxa ee Ingiriisi waa anti-lock Brakingsystem, ama Anti-skidBrakingSystem. Marka hore, "xaji" waxaa loola jeedaa suufka (ama kabaha) iyo saxanka biriiga (durbaan barreega) iyada oo aan lahayn is jiid jiid qaraabo ah, lammaanaha is jiid-jiidka kulaylka marka biriiga la jarayo, tamarta tamarta baabuurka ee kulaylka, ugu dambayntiina ha istaago gaadhigu ama hoos u dhig; Marka labaad, qufulka taayirrada ayaa dhab ahaantii loola jeedaa baabuurka ku jira biritaanka degdegga ah, giraangiraha ayaa si buuxda u taagan oo ma wareego, waxay tilmaamaysaa baabuurka habka bareegga hal mar, taayirku ma sii wareegayo, marka baabuurka baabuurka, baabuurka waxay siin doontaa giraangiraha xoog awood u siinaya inuu istaago, si uusan giraangigu u sii wadi karin inuu wareego, laakiin giraangirku wuxuu leeyahay isugeyn gaar ah, ka dib markii giraangiraha uu joojiyo wareegtada, waxay sii wadi doontaa inay hore u sii socoto ilaa masaafo ka hor ugu dambeyntii Joogsi buuxda. Haddii taayirrada hore iyo kuwa dambe ee baabuurka aysan isku xariiq toosan ahayn, sababta oo ah qallafsanaanta, taayirrada hore iyo gadaal ayaa u janjeeri doona dhanka hore. Marka loo eego tijaabada xaddidaadda taayirka bareegga, taayirku ma bixin karo qabsashada dhinaca marka bareeggu toosan yahay, baabuurkuna way adkaan doontaa in la dhammaystiro koontarool kasta. Sidan, taayirrada hore iyo gadaalba waxay u kala socdaan laba jiho oo kala duwan oo baabuurku wuxuu yeelanayaa yaw (spin) oo aan la xakameyn karin, baabuurkuna wuxuu tuurayaa dabada. Xaaladdan oo kale, isteerinka baabuurka wax saameyn ah kuma yeelan, baabuurka ayaa gabi ahaanba lumin doona xakamaynta, haddii xaaladdu ay aad u culus tahay, waxay u badan tahay in uu rogmado baabuurka, taas oo keenta shilalka gaadiidka iyo khatarta kale.
Haddii bareegyadu ay si buuxda u xiran yihiin, beddelka tamartaani waxay ku xirnaan kartaa oo kaliya khilaafka u dhexeeya taayirka iyo dhulka. Jeex-jeexa waxa loo qaybiyaa laba nooc: is jiid jiid iyo is jiid jiid, is-burburku wuxuu ku xidhan yahay saamaynta qoyaanka qallalan ee waddadu, marka taayirrada biriiga iyo is-jiidhaanta dhulka ay si tartiib tartiib ah u korodho, weyn ilaa meel muhiim ah ka dib marka ay isu beddesho duubista oo ay isu beddesho is jiid jiid. . Xoogga is jiid jiidka simbiriirixan ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u yaraan doona, sidaa darteed ABS waa inay isticmaashaa mabda'a qalooca is-jiidhka si ay u hagaajiso xoogga is jiid jiidka ee giraangirahan, si loo yareeyo masaafada biriiga. Khilaaf ba'an ayaa ka dhigaya caagga taayirka heerkul sarreeya, dareere maxalli ah oo dusha sare ah, oo soo gaabinaysa fogaanta biriiga, laakiin laabta dhinaceeda waxay dedejin doontaa xidhashada.
Nidaamka Ka-hortagga Qufulka Braking (ABS) waa mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ku jira cilmi-baarista ee xakameynta dhaqdhaqaaqyada dheer ee gaariga. Qufulka ka-hortagga, sida magacaba ka muuqata, waa in laga ilaaliyo baabuurka in uu hal mar bareega sameeyo, iyada oo la isticmaalayo bareegga is-goysyada ah. Waxay tilmaamaysaa hagaajinta tooska ah ee garaaca bareegga (xoogga bareegga taayirrada) ee ku dhaqmaya giraangiraha inta lagu jiro habka bareegga si looga ilaaliyo in giraangiraha uu xirmo marka qulqulka bareegu weyn yahay; Isla mar ahaantaana, nidaamka casriga ah ee ABS wuxuu go'aamin karaa heerka silbashada taayirka wakhtiga dhabta ah, wuxuuna ku hayn karaa heerka silbashada taayirka ee biriiga u dhow qiimaha ugu fiican. Sidaa darteed, marka nidaamka ABS uu shaqeeyo, darawalku ma lumin doono kontoroolka isteerinka baabuurka sababtoo ah qufulka taayirrada hore, iyo masaafada baabuurka ayaa ka yaraan doona qufulka taayirrada, si loo gaaro waxtarka ugu fiican ee bireynta. iyo in la yareeyo xoogga saameynta marka shilku dhaco.
