Cunsurka shaandhada saliidda waa filtarka saliidda.Shaqada shaandhada saliiddu waa inay sifayso sundries, cirridka iyo qoyaanka saliidda, oo ay keento saliid nadiif ah qayb kasta oo saliidaynaysa.
Si loo yareeyo iska caabbinta khilaafsan ee u dhexeeya qaybaha dhaqdhaqaaqa yar ee mishiinka oo loo yareeyo xidhashada qaybaha, saliidda si joogto ah ayaa loo raraa dusha sare ee qayb kasta oo dhaqaaqa si loo sameeyo filim saliid ah oo saliid ah oo saliid ah.Saliidda matoorka lafteedu waxay ka kooban tahay xaddi go'an oo xanjo ah, wasakh, qoyaan iyo waxyaabo lagu daro.Isla mar ahaantaana, inta lagu guda jiro habka shaqada ee mishiinka, soo bandhigida qashinka birta ah ee birta, gelitaanka qashinka hawada, iyo abuurista oksijiinta saliidda ayaa ka dhigaysa qashinka saliidda si tartiib tartiib ah u kordha.Haddii saliiddu ay si toos ah u gasho wareegga saliidda saliidda iyada oo aan la shaandheyn, sundries-ka ku jira saliidda ayaa la soo gelin doonaa dusha sare ee labada dhaqdhaqaaqa, taas oo soo dedejin doonta xirashada qaybaha hoosna u dhigi doonta nolosha adeegga matoorka.
Sababo la xiriira viscosity sare ee saliidda lafteeda iyo nuxurka wasakhda sare ee saliidda, si loo hagaajiyo waxtarka sifaynta, filtarrada saliiddu guud ahaan waxay leedahay saddex heer, kuwaas oo kala ah shaandhada ururiyaha saliidda, shaandhada saliidda aan fiicnayn iyo shaandhada saliidda fiican. .Shaandheeyaha waxa lagu rakibay digsiga saliidda ee hor yaal bamka saliidda, guud ahaanna waa nooca shaandhada birta ah.Saliidda saliidda ceyriin ayaa lagu rakibay gadaasha bamka saliidda waxayna si xiriir ah ugu xiran tahay marinka saliidda ee ugu weyn.Waxaa jira inta badan nooca qashinka birta ah, nooca shaandhada balka iyo nooca warqadda shaandhada yar yar.Hadda nooca warqadda shaandhada yar yar ayaa inta badan la isticmaalaa.Saliidda ganaaxa saliidda waxaa lagu rakibay si la mid ah marinka saliidda ee ugu weyn ka dib bamka saliidda.Inta badan waxaa jira laba nooc oo ah nooca warqadaha shaandhada yar yar iyo nooca rotor.Filter-ka saliida nooca rotor-ka ah wuxuu qaataa shaandhaynta centrifugal iyada oo aan lahayn curiye filter, kaas oo si wax ku ool ah u xaliya iska hor imaadka u dhexeeya marinka saliida iyo hufnaanta shaandhaynta.
Doorka shaandhada
Caadi ahaan waxaa jira afar nooc oo filtarrada kooxaha matoorada naaftada: filter hawada, filtarka naaftada, filtarka saliidda, filter biyaha, soo socda ayaa soo bandhigaya filter naaftada.
Shaandhaynta: Shaandhaynta qalabka dhalisa naaftada waa qalab gaar ah oo hore loogu sifeeyay shidaalka naaftada ah ee loo isticmaalo matoorada gubashada gudaha.Waxay sifeyn kartaa in ka badan 90% wasakhda farsamada, kolloidyada, asphaltene, iwm. Hagaaji nolosha matoorka.Naaftada aan nadiifka ahayn waxay sababi doontaa jeexjeex aan caadi ahayn iyo jeexjeexa nidaamka duritaanka shidaalka injiinka iyo dhululubada, waxay yaraynaysaa awoodda injiinka, kordhiso isticmaalka shidaalka si degdeg ah, waxayna aad u yaraynaysaa nolosha adeegga koronto-dhaliyaha.Isticmaalka filtarrada naaftada ayaa si weyn u wanaajin kara saxnaanta sifeynta iyo hufnaanta matoorada isticmaalaya filtarrada naaftada nooca-dareenka ah, waxay dheereeyaan nolosha filtarrada naaftada tayo sare leh oo dhowr jeer ah, waxayna leeyihiin saameyn muuqata oo badbaadinta shidaalka.Sida loo rakibo filtarka naaftada: Filterka naaftada aad bay u fududahay in la rakibo, kaliya ku xidh khadka sahayda saliida oo taxane ah iyadoo loo eegayo dekedaha saliida laga soo galo iyo kuwa ka baxaba.U fiirso xidhiidhka jihada ay tusinayso fallaadha, iyo jihada saliidda laga soo galo iyo ka bixista lama rogi karo.Marka ugu horraysa ee la isticmaalayo oo la bedelayo curiyaha shaandhada, filtarka naaftada waa in lagu buuxiyaa saliid naaftada, waana in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho qiiqa.Wabiga qiiqa wuxuu ku yaal daboolka dhamaadka foosto.
Saliidda saliidda
Sida loo beddelo walxaha shaandhada: Isticmaalka caadiga ah, haddii qaylo-dhaanta cadaadiska kala duwan ee qalabka shaandhaynta hore ama isticmaalka urursan ay ka badan yihiin 300 saacadood, qaybta shaandhada waa in la beddelaa.
Habka loo beddelo curiyaha shaandhada: 1. Beddelidda curiyaha shaandhada ee aaladda hal-fuustada ah ee hore u shaandhaynta: a.Xir galka kubbadda godka saliidda oo fur daboolka sare ee sare.( Daboolka sare ee sare ee nooca aluminiumka aluminiumka ah wuxuu u baahan yahay in si tartiib ah looga soo saaro farqiga dhinaca oo leh muraayad fidsan);b.Ka fur fiilada fiilada bullaacadda ah si aad u daadiso saliidda wasakhda;c.Dabci lowska xidha ee cidhifka sare ee shayga shaandhada, hawl wadeennadu waxa uu xidhaa saliid aan saliid lahayn Si adag ugu qabo shaandhada galoofisyada, oo ka saar shaandhada hore si toos ah kor;d.Beddel walxaha shaandhada cusub, ku dheji giraanta wax lagu xidho ee sare (oo leh gaaskeeda daboolida ee cidhifka hoose), oo adkee lowska;f.Adkee siliga ku xidhidhiyaha biyaha bulaacada oo dabool daboolka sare ee sare (Fiiro gaar ah u yeelo giraanta xidhida), oo xidh furayaasha.2. Beddelida shayga shaandhaynta ee labada foosto ee isbarbar-dhigga ah ee hore ee shaandhaynta: a.Marka hore xidh galka saliidda ee shaandhada dhinac ka mid ah walxaha shaandhada u baahan in la beddelo, xidh galka saliidda dhawr daqiiqo ka dib, ka dibna fur furaha daboolka dhamaadka oo fur daboolka dhamaadka;b.Fur tuubada bulaacada si aad gabi ahaanba u daadiso saliidda wasakhaysan ugana ilaaliso saliidda wasakhaysan inay gasho qolka saliidda nadiifka ah marka qaybta shaandhada la beddelo;c.Dabci lowska xidhitaanka ee cidhifka sare ee walxaha shaandhada, hawlwadeenku waxa uu xidhaa galoofyada aan saliidda lahayn si uu u xidho walxaha shaandhada si adag, ugana saar shaandhada hore si toos ah;c.Beddel walxaha shaandhada cusub, ku dheji giraanta wax lagu xidho ee sare (dhammaadka hoose waxa uu leeyahay gaaska daboolaya), oo adkee lowska;d.Xir tuubada tuubada, dabool daboolka sare ee sare (fiiro gaar ah u yeelo giraanta wax lagu xidho), oo xidh furayaasha.E. Marka hore fur waalka laga soo galo saliidda, ka dibna fur furaha qiiqa, xidh xidhidhiyaha qiiqa isla markiiba marka saliiddu ka soo baxdo waalka qiiqa, ka dibna fur furaha shidaalka;dabadeed shaandhada dhinaca kale u shaqee si la mid ah.
Filterka koronto dhaliya
Dab-dhaliye hawo shaandhaynta: Inta badan waa aaladda qaadata hawada ee shaandhaysa walxaha iyo wasakhda hawada ku jirta ee la neefsado marka dab-dhaliye piston uu shaqaynayo.Waxay ka kooban tahay curiye filter iyo qolof.Shuruudaha ugu muhiimsan ee shaandhada hawadu waa waxtarka shaandhaynta sare, caabbinta socodka hooseeya, iyo isticmaalka joogtada ah ee wakhti dheer iyada oo aan la dayactirin.Marka qalabka koronto-dhaliyaha uu shaqeynayo, haddii hawada la neefsado ay ka kooban tahay boodh iyo wasakh kale, waxay ka sii dari doontaa xirashada qaybaha, markaa waa in la rakibaa shaandhada hawada.
Waxaa jira 3 siyaabood oo sifaynta hawada: nooca inertia, nooca filter iyo nooca qubeyska saliidda:
Nooca Inertial: Maadaama cufnaanta qaybaha iyo wasakhdu ay ka sarreeyaan kuwa hawada, marka qaybaha iyo wasakhdu ay la wareegaan hawada ama ay sameeyaan leexasho fiiqan, xoogga inertial centrifugal ayaa kala saari kara wasakhda iyo socodka hawada.
Nooca shaandhaynta: hago hawada inay ku dhex socoto shaadhka shaandhada birta ah ama warqad shaandhaynta, iwm., si ay u xidho walxaha iyo wasakhda oo ay ugu dhegto qaybta shaandhada.
Nooca saliidda qubeyska: Waxa jira digsi saliideed xagga hoose ee filter-ka hawada, kaas oo isticmaala socodka hawadu si uu si dhakhso ah u saameeyo saliidda, kala sooca qaybaha iyo wasakhda iyo ulaha saliidda, iyo dhibcaha saliidda kacsan waxay ku qulqulayaan walxaha filter leh socodka hawada. oo ku dheggan saliidda.on element filter.Marka hawadu ku dhex socoto walxaha filter-ka, waxay sii nuugi kartaa wasakhda, si loo gaaro ujeedada sifeynta.
Wareegga beddelka shaandhada hawada ee qalabka koronto-dhaliyaha: Qalabka koronto-dhaliyaha guud waa la beddelaa hal mar 500 saacadood kasta;Qalabka dhaliyaha heeganka ah waxa la beddelaa hal mar 300 saacadood ama 6 biloodba.Marka qalabka dhaliyaha sida caadiga ah la dayactiro, waa laga saari karaa oo lagu afuufi karaa qoriga hawada, ama wareegga beddelka waxaa lagu kordhin karaa 200 saacadood ama saddex bilood.
Shuruudaha sifaynta ee filtarrada: Shaandhaynta ay soo saaraan warshado dhab ah ayaa loo baahan yahay, laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa in aanay ahayn sumado waaweyn, laakiin kuwa been-abuurka ah iyo kuwa xishoodka leh waa in aan la isticmaalin.
