Dareemka booska Camshaft waa aaladda dareemaha, sidoo kale loo yaqaan dareemaha calaamadaha isku midka ah, waa aalad meelaynta takoorka dhululubada, calaamada booska camshaft ee ECU, waa calaamada xakamaynta dabka.
1, shaqada iyo nooca Camshaft Position Sensor (CPS), shaqadeedu waa in ay soo ururiso calaamada xagasha dhaqaaqa ee Camshaft, iyo galinta unug kantaroolka elegtarooniga ah (ECU), si loo go'aamiyo wakhtiga shidista iyo wakhtiga la duro shidaalka. Dareemka booska Camshaft (CPS) waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan Sensor Aqoonsiga Sylinder (CIS), si loo kala saaro dareemeyaasha booska crankshaft (CPS), dareemeyaasha booska Camshaft waxaa guud ahaan matala CIS. Shaqada shidma booska camshaft waa in la ururiyo calaamadda booska ee camshaft qaybinta gaaska oo la geliyaa ECU THE, si ECU ay u aqoonsan karto cufnaanta sare ee xarunta dhintay ee dhululubo 1, si ay u fuliyaan xakamaynta duritaanka shidaalka isku xigta, xakamaynta wakhtiga dabka iyo xakamaynta deignition. Intaa waxaa dheer, calaamada booska camshaft waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa in lagu aqoonsado daqiiqada ugu horeysa ee dabka inta lagu jiro bilaabista mishiinka. Sababtoo ah dareemaha booska camshaft wuxuu aqoonsan karaa piston cylinder si uu u gaaro TDC, waxaa loo yaqaannaa aqoonsiga cylinder. on shafka dareenka. In booska u dhow cidhifka taarikada calaamadda si aad u samayso radian dhexayn isku mid ah gudaha iyo dibadda laba wareeg oo godadka iftiinka. Waxaa ka mid ah, giraanta dibadda waxaa lagu sameeyaa 360 dalool oo hufan (faras), iyo radian bareeg ah waa 1. (dalool hufan oo lagu xisaabtamayo 0.5., dalool hadh ah oo lagu xisaabtamayo 0.5.) , loo isticmaalo in lagu dhaliyo wareegtada crankshaft iyo signalka xawaaraha; Waxaa giraanta gudaha ku jira 6 dalool oo cad (leydi L) ah, oo u dhexeeya 60 radian. , waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu dhaliyo signal TDC ee dhululubo kasta, oo ka mid ah taas oo uu jiro leydi leh cidhif ballaaran wax yar ka dheer si ay u dhalida signal TDC ee dhululubo 1.Matoor signal waa go'an on guryaha dareenka, kaas oo ka kooban Ne signal (xawaaraha iyo signalka xagal) koronto-dhaliye, G signal (calaamadaha xarunta dhintay top) koronto-dhaliyaha iyo wareegga processing signal. Ne signal iyo koronto dhaliyaha G waxay ka kooban yihiin diode iftiimiya iftiinka (LED) iyo transistor photosensitive (ama sawir-qaade), laba LED si toos ah u wajahaya labada transistor-ka sawir-qaadista siday u kala horreeyaan.Mabda'a shaqada ee saxanka calaamaduhu wuxuu ku rakiban yahay inta u dhaxaysa diode iftiin-bixiya (LED) iyo transistor photosensitive (ama photodiode). Marka daloolka gudbinta iftiinka ee saxanka calaamaduhu uu u dhexeeyo LED-ka iyo transistor-ka sawir-qaadista, iftiinka LED-ku wuxuu iftiimin doonaa transistor-ka sawir-qaadista, waqtigan transistor-ka sawir-qaadista ayaa shidan, wax-soo-saarkiisa heer hoose (0.1 ~ O. 3V); Marka qaybta hadhsan ee saxanka calaamaduhu uu wareego inta u dhaxaysa LED iyo transistor-ka sawir-qaadista, iftiinka LED-ku ma iftiimin karo transistor-ka sawir-qaadista, waqtigan transistor-ka sawir-qaadista ayaa gooyay, wax soo saarkiisa heerkiisu sarreeyo (4.8 ~ 5.2V) ururiyaha transistor-ka ayaa si kale u soo saari doona heerar sare iyo mid hoose. Marka dhidibka shidma ee leh crankshaft iyo camshaft la wareego, dalool iftiinka signal on saxanka iyo qayb hadh u dhexeeya LED iyo transistor photosensitive jeestay, LED saxan signalka iftiinka iftiinka iyo saamaynta hadh beddelan doonaa irradiation beddelka in koronto-dhaliyaha ee transistor photosensitive, signal dareenka ayaa la soo saaray iyo crankshaft iyo booska u dhigma signalka cam. laba jeer bay wareegtaa, shafka dareemayaasha waxa uu rogrogaa calaamadda hal mar, markaa dareemaha G signal waxa uu dhalin doonaa lix garaac. Dareemka calaamadaha Ne wuxuu dhalin doonaa 360 calaamadaha garaaca wadnaha. Sababtoo ah inta u dhaxaysa radiyaanka ee daloolka gudbinta iftiinka ee signalka G waa 60. Iyo 120 wareeggiiba ee shafka. Waxa ay soo saartaa ishaaro dardar leh, markaa calaamada G waxa badanaa loo yaqaan 120. Calaamadaha. Dammaanadda rakibidda naqshadeynta 120. Signal 70 ka hor TDC. BTDC70 wareegga, heerka sare iyo heerka hoose ee xisaabinta 1 siday u kala horreeyaan amplitude go'an, sida ku cad Jaantuska 1. Dambe isticmaalaa mabda'a of magnetic induction si ay u abuuraan calaamadaha booska kuwaas oo baaxadda kala duwan tahay inta jeer ee ay ku kala duwan yihiin xawaaraha ka dhawr boqol oo millivolts ilaa boqollaal volts, iyo baaxadda kala duwan yihiin si weyn u kala duwan yihiin kuwan soo socda waa horudhac faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan mabda'a shaqada ee dareemayaasha: The shaqo mabda'a shaqada ee magnetka ee jidka u dhexeeya. rotor, ilig salient ah, farqiga hawada u dhexeeya rotor salient ilig iyo stator magnetic madaxa, magnetic madaxa, saxan hagaha magnetic iyo tiirka joogto ah magnet S lagu soo jiido gariiradda dareemaha. Marka rotor-ka calaamaduhu uu u wareego dhinaca saacadda, farqiga hawada u dhexeeya ilka rotor convex iyo madaxa magnetic waa hoos u dhacaa, diidmada wareegga magnetka ayaa hoos u dhacda, qulqulka magnetic φ wuxuu kordhaa, heerka isbeddelka qulqulka ayaa kordha (dφ/dt>0), iyo awoodda elektiroonigga ah ee keentay E waa mid togan (Etorvex) qulqulka magnetic φ si xoog leh ayuu u kordhaa, heerka isbeddelka qulqulka ayaa ah kan ugu weyn [D φ/dt=(dφ/dt) Max], iyo awoodda koronto-dhaliyaha E waa kan ugu sarreeya (E = Emax). Waxay u wareegtaa xariiqda dhexe ee iliga convex iyo xariiqda dhexe ee madaxa magnetic, in kasta oo farqiga hawada u dhexeeya iliga rotor convex iyo madaxa magnetic uu yahay kan ugu yar, iska caabbinta magnetic ee wareegga magnetic waa kan ugu yar, iyo qulqulka magnetic φ waa kan ugu weyn, laakiin sababtoo ah qulqulka magnetic ma sii wadi karo inuu kordhiyo, heerka isbeddelka ee magnetic, marka qulqulka magnetic waa eber. wuxuu sii wadaa inuu u wareego jihada dhinaca saacada ah, iliggu qalloocana wuxuu ka baxaa madaxa magnetic, farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya iliga convex iyo madaxa magnetic wuu kordhaa, diidmada wareegga magnetic way korodhaa, qulqulka magneticna wuu yareeyaa (dφ/dt< 0), markaa awoodda korantada ee la kiciyay E waa taban Marka iliggu u leexdo cidhifka magnetic, ka tagista qulqulka magnetic. heerka waxa uu gaaraa ugu badnaan taban [D φ/df=-(dφ/dt) Max], iyo xoogga electromotive ee la keenay E waxa kale oo uu gaadhaa ugu badnaan taban (E= -emax) .Sidaas darteed waxaa la arki karaa in mar kasta oo rotor-ka calaamaduhu u rogo ilig qallafsan, gariiradda dareemayaasha waxay soo saari doontaa isbeddel xilliyeedka beddelka ah ee electromotive, taas oo ah, dareenka ugu sarreeya ee tamarta korantada ayaa soo muuqan doona Calaamadaha korantada Faa'iidada aadka u fiican ee dareenka magnetic induction waa in uusan u baahnayn sahay koronto oo dibadda ah, magnet joogto ah ayaa ka ciyaara doorka tamarta makaanikada ah ee tamarta korontada, iyo tamarta magnetic lumin maayo Marka xawaaraha matoorka uu is beddelo, xawaaraha wareega ee ilkuhu qallafsan yahay ee rotor-ka ayaa isbeddeli doona, iyo isbeddelka isbeddelka isbeddelka ee udub-dhexaadka ayaa sidoo kale isbeddeli doona xawaaraha sare ee korontadu. farqiga u dhexeeya ilka rotor convex iyo madaxa magnetic si toos ah u saameeyaa iska caabin magnetic ee wareegga magnetic iyo danab wax soo saarka ee gariiradda shidma, farqiga hawada u dhexeeya rotor convex madaxa iyo magnetic ma beddeli karo in la isticmaalo. crankshaft booska sensor1) muuqaalada qaab dhismeedka dareenka booska crankshaft: The magnetic induction crankshaft booska shidma Jetta AT, GTX iyo Santana 2000GSi waxaa lagu rakibay block dhululubada dhow xajin in crankcase ah, kaas oo inta badan ka kooban yahay matoor signal iyo rotor.The signalka koronto waa blocks iyo Senrings ee matoorada joogto ah, senti matoorrada matoorrada iyo matoorrada wiig. mareegaha. Gariiradda dareemaha waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan gariiradda calaamadda, iyo madaxa birlabeedka ayaa ku dheggan magnetka joogtada ah. Madaxa magnetic wuxuu si toos ah uga soo horjeedaa rotor nooca diskka iliga ah ee lagu rakibay crankshaft, iyo madaxa magnetic wuxuu ku xiran yahay harqoodka magnetic ( saxan hagaha magnetic) si loo sameeyo wareegga hagaha magnetka Ilig weyn ayaa ka maqan calaamadda tixraaca wax soo saarka, oo u dhiganta injiinka cylinder 1 ama cylinder 4 cufnaanta TDC ka hor xagal gaar ah. Shucaaca Ilkaha waaweyn waxay u dhigmaan kuwa laba ilkood oo fidsan iyo saddex ilkood oo yaryar. Sababtoo ah rotor-ka calaamaduhu wuxuu la wareegaa shafka, dabayshuna waxay wareegtaa hal mar(360). , rotor-ka calaamaduhu sidoo kale wuu wareegaa hal mar (360). , sidaas darteed xagasha wareega ee wareega ee ay ku jiraan ilko isku dhafan iyo cilladaha iliga ee wareegga wareegga calaamaduhu waa 360. , xagasha crankshaft xagasha lagu tiriyaa cilada wayn ee iliggu waa 15. (2 x 3. + 3 x3. = 15). .2) dareemaha booska crankshaft xaalad shaqo: marka dareemaha booska crankshaft oo leh shaadhka crankshaft uu wareego, mabda'a shaqada ee dareeraha induction magnetic, signalka rotor mid kastaa wuxuu u rogay ilig convex ah, gariiradda dareemeysa waxay dhalin doontaa emf beddelka xilliyeedka (xoogga korantada ee ugu badnaan iyo ugu yaraan), gariiradda soo saarista signalka korantada beddelka ah. Sababtoo ah rotor signalka waxaa la siiyaa ilig weyn si ay u dhaliyaan calaamadda tixraaca, markaa marka iliga weyni uu rogo madaxa magnetic, korantada calaamaduhu waxay qaadataa wakhti dheer, taas oo ah, calaamadda wax soo saarka waa calaamad ballaaran oo garaac ah, taas oo u dhiganta xagal gaar ah oo ka horreeya dhululubo 1 ama cylinder 4 compression TDC. Marka unugga kantaroolka elektaroonigga ah (ECU) uu helo calaamadda garaaca wadnaha oo ballaaran, waxay ogaan kartaa in booska ugu sarreeya ee TDC ee dhululubo 1 ama 4 uu soo socdo. Marka loo eego booska soo socda ee TDC ee dhululubo 1 ama 4, waxay u baahan tahay in la go'aamiyo iyadoo loo eegayo gelinta calaamadaha ka soo jeeda booska camshaft. Tan iyo markii rotor signal uu leeyahay 58 convex ilko, gariiradda shidma soo saari doonaa 58 calaamadaha danab beddelka ah ee kacaan kasta rotor signal (hal kacaanka crankshaft engine) .Mar kasta rotor signal wareegtaa weheliyaan crankshaft engine, gariiradda shidma quudin 58 garaaca unugga gacanta elektarooniga ah (ECU). Sidaa darteed, 58 kasta oo calaamado ah oo ay helaan dareemaha booska crankshaft, ECU waxay og tahay in shafka matoorku uu hal mar wareegay. Haddi ECU ay ka hesho 116000 calaamado dareemaha booska crankshaft gudaha 1min, ECU waxay xisaabin kartaa in xawaaruhu uu yahay 2000(n=116000/58=2000)r/roob; Haddii ECU ay hesho 290,000 oo calaamad daqiiqaddiiba dareemaha booska crankshaft, ECU waxay xisaabinaysaa xawaraha 5000 (n= 29000/58 = 5000) r/min. Sidan oo kale, ECU waxay xisaabin kartaa xawaaraha wareegga shafka oo ku saleysan tirada calaamadaha garaaca wadnaha ee laga helo dareemaha booska crankshaft. signal xawaaraha engine iyo signalka load waa ugu muhiimsan iyo calaamadaha kontoroolka aasaasiga ah ee nidaamka gacanta elektarooniga ah, ECU xisaabin kartaa saddex xuduudaha gacanta aasaasiga ah sida ay labadan calaamo: hore duritaanka aasaasiga ah xagasha (waqtiga), dajinta aasaasiga ah hore xagal (waqtiga) iyo daminta conduction xagal (shirid gariiradda hoose hadda on time) Xakamaynta wakhtiga lagu duro shidaalka iyo wakhtiga shidashadu waxay ku salaysan tahay calaamada ay keentay calaamaduhu. Marka ECu ay hesho calaamada ay dhaliso cilada weyn ee iliga, waxa ay xakamaysaa wakhtiga dabka, wakhtiga lagu duro shidaalka iyo wakhtiga bedelaadda aasaasiga ah ee hadda jira ee gariiradda dabka (ie conduction Angle) marka loo eego calaamada cilada yar ee iliggu. oo ka kooban qaybo sare iyo hoose. Qaybta sare waxay u qaybsantaa calaamadda tixraaca booska crankshaft ogaanshaha (sida aqoonsiga dhululubada iyo calaamadda TDC, oo loo yaqaan G signal) koronto dhaliye; Qaybta hoose waxa ay u qaybsantaa xawli-socod-shaft-xawaaraha iyo calaamadda geeska (oo loo yaqaan Ne Signal) koronto-dhaliye.1) Sifooyinka qaab-dhismeedka Ne signal koronto-dhaliye: Ne signal-dhaliye waxa lagu rakibay meel ka hoosaysa koronto-dhaliye G, oo inta badan ka kooban No. 2 signal rotor, Ne sensor gariiradda iyo madaxa magnetic. Rotor-ka calaamaduhu wuxuu ku xiran yahay shafka dareemayaasha, qulqulka dareeraha waxaa hogaaminaya camshaft qaybinta gaaska, dhamaadka sare ee shafka waxaa lagu qalabeeyaa madaxa dabka, rotor wuxuu leeyahay 24 ilko convex ah. Gariiradda dareemaha iyo madaxa magnetic waxay ku go'an yihiin guryaha dareemayaasha, madaxa magneticna wuxuu ku go'an yahay gariiradda dareenka.2) xawaaraha iyo mabda'a jiilka signalka xagasha iyo habka xakamaynta: marka mishiinka mashiinka crankshaft, valve camshaft dareemayaasha calaamadaha, ka dibna wadida wareegga rotor, rotor-ka soo baxa ilkaha iyo farqiga hawada u dhexeeya madaxa magnetic beddelka beddelka, dareemaya mabda'a isbeddelka magnetic Dareemka induction wuxuu muujinayaa in gariiradda dareenka ay soo saari karto xoog koronto-dhal ah oo beddelan. Sababtoo ah rotor-ka calaamaduhu wuxuu leeyahay 24 ilkood oo isku dhafan, gariiradda dareemayaasha waxay soo saari doontaa 24 calaamadood oo beddel ah marka rotorku uu wareego hal mar. Kacaan kasta oo ka mid ah usheeda dhexe (360). Tani waxay u dhigantaa laba kacaan oo ka mid ah crankshaft engine (720). , sidaas darteed calaamad beddelka ah (ie muddada signalka) waxay u dhigantaa wareeg wareeg ah oo ah 30. (720. Hadda 24 = 30). , waxay u dhigantaa wareegga madaxa dabka 15. (30. Hadda 2 = 15). . Marka ECU ay ka hesho 24 calaamadood koronto dhaliyaha Ne, waxaa la ogaan karaa in shafka uu wareego laba jeer oo madaxa shidashadu uu wareego hal mar. Barnaamijka gudaha ECU wuxuu xisaabin karaa oo go'aamin karaa xawaaraha crankshaft injiinka iyo xawaaraha madaxa ee shidda iyadoo loo eegayo waqtiga wareeg kasta Ne. Si loo hubiyo in si sax ah loo xakameeyo xagasha hore ee dabka iyo duritaanka shidaalka horeba, xagasha crankshaft xagasha wareegtada calaamad kasta (30. geesuhu way ka yar yihiin. Aad bay ugu habboon tahay in lagu fuliyo hawshan microcomputer, iyo qaybiyaha soo noqnoqda ayaa calaamad u noqon doona Ne kasta (Cank Angle 30). Waxaa si siman loo qaybiyaa 30 calaamadaha garaaca wadnaha si ay u ruxruxo kasta. (30. Present 30 = 1). (TDC) iyo in la aqoonsado taas oo ah dhululubo ku saabsan in ay gaaraan booska TDC iyo calaamadaha kale ee tixraaca sidaas darteed G signal generator sidoo kale loo yaqaan aqoonsiga cylindere iyo signalka G1 ee ugu sarreeya wuxuu ka kooban yahay gariiradda 1, G2 iyo madaxa magnetic, iyo wixii la mid ah gariiradda soo saarta signal u dhiganta engine cadaadis lixaad cylinderen top dhintay xarunta 10. Signal ka soo baxay G2 gariiradda u dhiganta lO ka hor riix TDC ee dhululubada ugu horeysay ee engine ah.4) Aqoonsiga dhululubo iyo top dhintay mabda'a jiilka signal xarunta iyo habka xakamaynta: mabda'a shaqada ee koronto-dhaliyaha G wuxuu la mid yahay kan koronto dhaliyaha Ne. Marka camshaft matoorku u kaxeeyo shafka dareemayaasha si uu u wareego, flange ee rotor signalka G (No. 1 signal rotor) wuxuu dhex maraa madaxa magnetic ee gariiradda dareemayaasha si beddel ah, farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya flange rotor iyo madaxa magnetic beddelka beddelka, iyo beddelka tamarta korantada beddelka calaamadda Gl ayaa la keeni doonaa. Marka qaybta flange ee G signal rotor ay ku dhowdahay madaxa magnetka ee dareenka gariiradda G1, signal garaaca garaaca togan ayaa laga soo saaraa gariiradda dareemayaasha G1, taas oo loo yaqaan signalka G1, sababtoo ah farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya flange iyo madaxa magnetka ayaa hoos u dhacaya, qulqulka magnetic wuu kordhaa heerka isbeddelka qulqulka magnetic waa mid togan. Marka qaybta flange ee G signal rotor ay ku dhowdahay gariiradda dareemaha G2, farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya flangega iyo madaxa birlabeedka ayaa yaraada waxaana kordha qulqulka magnetic
