Qalabka kululaynta ee nooca asalka ah ee SAIC MAXUS V80 - shan qaran 0281002667

Dareemaha booska Camshaft waa aalad dareemeysa, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan dareemaha calaamadaha isku-dhafan, waa aalad meelaynta kala-soocidda dhululubo, calaamadda booska camshaft ee gelinta ECU, waa calaamadda xakamaynta dab-shidka.

1, shaqada iyo nooca Dareemaha Jagada Camshaft (CPS), shaqadoodu waa inay ururiso calaamadda xagasha dhaqaaqa ee Camshaft, iyo cutubka xakamaynta elektaroonigga ah ee la geliyo (ECU), si loo go'aamiyo wakhtiga dab-shidka iyo waqtiga duritaanka shidaalka. Dareemaha Jagada Camshaft (CPS) waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan Dareemaha Aqoonsiga Dhululubada (CIS), si loo kala saaro Dareemaha Jagada Crankshaft (CPS), dareemayaasha booska Camshaft waxaa guud ahaan matala CIS. Shaqada dareemaha booska camshaft waa inuu ururiyo calaamadda booska ee camshaft qaybinta gaaska oo uu geliyo ECU, si ECU ay u aqoonsato xarunta ugu sarreysa ee cadaadiska ee dhululubada 1, si loo sameeyo xakamaynta duritaanka shidaalka ee isku xiga, xakamaynta waqtiga dab-shidka iyo xakamaynta deignition. Intaa waxaa dheer, calaamadda booska camshaft waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa in lagu aqoonsado daqiiqadda dab-shidka ugu horreysa inta lagu jiro bilowga matoorka. Sababtoo ah dareemaha booska camshaft wuxuu aqoonsan karaa piston-ka dhululubada ah ee ku dhow inuu gaaro TDC, waxaa loo yaqaan dareemaha aqoonsiga dhululubada. sawir-koronto Astaamaha qaab-dhismeedka ee dareemaha booska crankshaft-ka sawir-koronto iyo camshaft-ka ee ay soo saarto shirkadda Nissan waxaa laga hagaajiyaa qaybiyaha, inta badan iyadoo la adeegsanayo saxanka calaamadda (rotor-ka calaamadda), matoorka calaamadaha, qalabka qaybinta, hoyga dareemayaasha iyo fiilada xarigga. Disk-ga calaamaddu waa rotor-ka calaamadda ee dareemaha, kaas oo lagu riixo usha dareemayaasha. Meesha u dhow cidhifka saxanka calaamadda si loo sameeyo radian isku mid ah oo gudaha iyo dibadda ah laba wareeg oo godad iftiin ah. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, giraanta dibadda waxaa laga sameeyay 360 godad oo hufan (godad), radian-ka kala-goyskuna waa 1. (Godka hufan wuxuu ka kooban yahay 0.5., godka hooska wuxuu ka kooban yahay 0.5.), oo loo isticmaalo in lagu soo saaro wareegga crankshaft iyo calaamadda xawaaraha; Waxaa jira 6 godad oo cad (laydi L) oo ku jira giraanta gudaha, oo leh 60 radian. , waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro calaamadda TDC ee dhululubo kasta, oo ay ku jiraan leydi leh gees ballaaran oo wax yar ka dheer si loo soo saaro calaamadda TDC ee dhululubo 1. Matoorka calaamaduhu wuxuu ku xiran yahay guriga dareemayaasha, kaas oo ka kooban matoorka calaamadda Ne (xawaaraha iyo calaamadda xagasha), matoorka calaamadda G (calaamadda dhexe ee ugu sarreysa ee dhintay) iyo wareegga habaynta calaamadaha. Calaamadda Ne iyo matoorka calaamadda G waxay ka kooban yihiin diode iftiin soo saaraya (LED) iyo transistor sawir-qaadis ah (ama diode sawir-qaadis ah), laba LED oo si toos ah u wajahaya labada transistor sawir-qaadis ah siday u kala horreeyaan. Mabda'a shaqada ee saxanka calaamaduhu wuxuu ku rakiban yahay inta u dhaxaysa diode iftiin soo saaraya (LED) iyo transistor sawir-qaadis ah (ama photodiode). Marka godka gudbinta iftiinka ee saxanka calaamaduhu uu wareego inta u dhaxaysa LED iyo transistor sawir-qaadis ah, iftiinka uu soo saaro LED wuxuu iftiimin doonaa transistor sawir-qaadis ah, waqtigan transistor sawir-qaadis ah ayaa shidan, ururintiisuna waxay soo saartaa heer hoose (0.1 ~ O. 3V); Marka qaybta hadhka ee saxanka calaamaduhu ay u wareegto inta u dhaxaysa LED iyo transistor-ka sawir-qaadista, iftiinka uu soo saaro THE LED ma iftiimin karo transistor-ka sawir-qaadista, waqtigan transistor-ka sawir-qaadista waa la gooyaa, ururintiisuna waxay soo saartaa heer sare (4.8 ~ 5.2V). Haddii saxanka calaamaduhu sii wado inuu wareego, godka gudbinta iyo qaybta hadhka ayaa si is barbar socda u rogi doona LED-ka gudbinta ama hadhka, ururiyaha transistor-ka sawir-qaadistana wuxuu si is barbar socda u soo saari doonaa heerar sare iyo kuwo hoose. Marka dhidibka dareemayaasha ee leh shafka crankshaft iyo shafka camshaft uu wareego, godka iftiinka calaamadda ee saxanka iyo qaybta hadhka ee u dhaxaysa LED-ka iyo transistor-ka sawir-qaadista, saxanka calaamadda iftiinka LED ee ka horreeya iftiinka iyo saamaynta hadhka ayaa ku beddeli doona shucaaca soo saaraha calaamadda ee transistor-ka sawir-qaadista, calaamadda dareemaha ayaa la soo saaraa oo booska crankshaft iyo shafka camshaft ee u dhigma calaamadda garaaca. Maadaama shafka crankshaft uu laba jeer wareego, shafka dareemaha ayaa hal mar roga calaamadda, sidaas darteed dareemaha calaamadaha G wuxuu soo saari doonaa lix garaac. Dareemaha calaamadaha Ne wuxuu soo saari doonaa 360 calaamadood oo garaaca. Sababtoo ah kala-goynta shucaaca ee godka gudbinta iftiinka ee calaamadda G waa 60. Iyo 120 halkii wareeg ee shafka crankshaft. Waxay soo saartaa calaamad kicin ah, sidaa darteed calaamadda G waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan 120. Calaamadda. Dammaanadda rakibidda naqshadeynta 120. Calaamadda 70 ka hor TDC. (BTDC70. , calaamadda ay soo saarto godka hufan oo leh ballac leydi ah oo xoogaa ka dheer waxay u dhigantaa 70 ka hor bartamaha sare ee dhintay ee dhululubada matoorka 1. Si ECU u xakameeyo duritaanka hore ee xagasha iyo dab-shidka hore ee xagasha. Sababtoo ah farqiga godka gudbinta calaamadaha Ne radian waa 1. (Godka hufan wuxuu ka dhigan yahay 0.5. , godka hadhka wuxuu ka dhigan yahay 0.5.), sidaa darteed wareegga garaaca kasta, heerka sare iyo heerka hoose wuxuu ka dhigan yahay 1 siday u kala horreeyaan. Wareegga crankshaft, calaamadaha 360 waxay muujinayaan wareegga crankshaft 720. Wareeg kasta oo crankshaft ah waa 120. , dareemaha calaamadda G wuxuu soo saaraa hal calaamad, dareemaha calaamadda Ne wuxuu soo saaraa 60 calaamadood. Nooca soo-kicinta magnetic Dareemaha booska soo-kicinta magnetic waxaa loo qaybin karaa nooca Hall iyo nooca magnetoelectric. Kan hore wuxuu isticmaalaa saameynta hoolka si uu u soo saaro calaamadda booska oo leh baaxad go'an, sida ku cad Jaantuska 1. Kan dambe wuxuu adeegsadaa mabda'a soo-kicinta magnetic si uu u soo saaro calaamadaha booska oo baaxaddiisu ay ku kala duwan tahay soo noqnoqoshada. Ballacnimadeedu way kala duwan tahay xawaaraha laga bilaabo dhowr boqol oo millivolts ilaa boqolaal volts, iyo ballacnida Aad bay u kala duwan tahay. Soo socdaa waa hordhac faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan mabda'a shaqada ee dareemaha: Mabda'a shaqada ee Wadada ay marinayso khadka xoogga birlabtu waa farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya tiirka magnetka joogtada ah N iyo rotor-ka, iliga dareeraha ah ee rotor-ka, farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya iliga dareeraha ah ee rotor-ka iyo madaxa birlabeedka stator-ka, madaxa birlabeedka, saxanka hagaha birlabeedka iyo tiirka birlabeedka joogtada ah ee S. Marka rotor-ka calaamaduhu wareego, farqiga hawada ee wareegga birlabku wuu isbeddeli doonaa si joogto ah, iska caabbinta birlabeedka ee wareegga birlabeedka iyo qulqulka birlabeedka ee dhex mara madaxa gariiradda calaamadda ayaa si joogto ah isu beddeli doona. Sida waafaqsan mabda'a kicinta birlabeedka, awoodda koronto-qaadista ee beddelan ayaa lagu kicin doonaa gariiradda dareenka. Marka rotor-ka calaamaduhu wareego saacad-wareegga, farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya iliga gariiradda ee rotor-ka iyo madaxa birlabeedka ayaa hoos u dhacaya, diidmada wareegga birlabku way hoos u dhacdaa, qulqulka birlabeedka φ wuu kordhaa, heerka isbeddelka qulqulka ayaa kordha (dφ/dt>0), xoogga korontada ee la kiciyay E waa mid togan (E>0). Marka iliga gariiradda ee rotor-ku ay u dhow yihiin geeska madaxa birlabeedka, qulqulka birlabeedka φ si xoog leh ayuu u kordhaa, heerka isbeddelka qulqulka ayaa ah kan ugu weyn [D φ/dt=(dφ/dt) Ugu badnaan], iyo xoogga korontada ee la kiciyay E waa kan ugu sarreeya (E=Emax). Ka dib marka rotor-ku ku wareego booska barta B, inkastoo qulqulka birlabta φ uu wali sii kordhayo, laakiin heerka isbeddelka qulqulka birlabta ayaa hoos u dhacaya, sidaas darteed xoogga korontada ee la kiciyay E wuu yaraanayaa. Marka rotor-ku u wareego xariiqda dhexe ee ilkaha isku-xidhan iyo xariiqda dhexe ee madaxa birlabta, inkastoo farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya iliga isku-xidhan ee rotor-ka iyo madaxa birlabta uu yahay kan ugu yar, iska caabbinta birlabta ee wareegga birlabta ayaa ah kan ugu yar, qulqulka birlabta φ-na waa kan ugu weyn, laakiin sababtoo ah qulqulka birlabta ma sii wadi karo inuu sii kordho, heerka isbeddelka qulqulka birlabta waa eber, sidaas darteed xoogga korontada ee la kiciyay E waa eber. Marka rotor-ku uu sii wado inuu ku wareego jihada saacadda u socota oo iliga isku-xidhan uu ka baxo madaxa birlabta, farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya iliga isku-xidhan iyo madaxa birlabta ayaa kordha, diidmada wareegga birlabta ayaa kordha, qulqulka birlabtana wuu yaraadaa (dφ/dt< 0), sidaa darteed xoogga korontada ee la kiciyay E waa taban. Marka Ilkaha qaloocan ayaa u jeesta geeska ka bixitaanka madaxa birlabta, qulqulka birlabta φ si xoog leh ayuu u yaraadaa, heerka isbeddelka qulqulka ayaa gaara ugu badnaan taban [D φ/df=-(dφ/dt) Ugu badnaan], xoogga koronto-qaadista ee la kiciyay E sidoo kale wuxuu gaaraa ugu badnaan taban (E= -emax). Sidaa darteed waxaa la arki karaa in mar kasta oo rotor-ka calaamaduhu uu rogo ilig qaloocan, gariiradda dareemaha ayaa soo saari doonta awood koronto-qaadis oo isbeddelaysa xilliyeed, taas oo ah, xoogga koronto-qaadista ayaa u muuqda ugu badnaan iyo qiimo ugu yar, gariiradda dareemaha ayaa soo saari doonta calaamad danab beddelan oo u dhiganta. Faa'iidada cajiibka ah ee dareemaha soo-jiidashada birlabta ayaa ah inaysan u baahnayn sahay koronto oo dibadda ah, birlabta joogtada ahi waxay door ka ciyaartaa beddelka tamarta farsamada tamarta korontada, tamarteeda birlabtana lama waayi doono. Marka xawaaraha matoorku isbeddelo, xawaaraha wareegga ee ilkaha qaloocan ee rotor-ka ayaa isbeddeli doona, heerka isbeddelka qulqulka ee xudunta ayaa sidoo kale isbeddeli doona. Xawaaraha oo kordha, heerka isbeddelka qulqulka ayaa sii kordhaya, xoogga elektaroonigga soo-jiidashada ee gariiradda dareemaha ayaa sii kordhaya. Maadaama farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya ilkaha qaloocan ee rotor-ka iyo madaxa birlabta uu si toos ah u saameeyo birlabta iska caabbinta wareegga birlabta iyo danabka soo baxa ee gariiradda dareemaha, farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya ilkaha rotor convex iyo madaxa birlabta lama beddeli karo marka la isticmaalo. Haddii farqiga hawadu isbeddelo, waa in la hagaajiyaa iyadoo la raacayo qodobbada. Farqiga hawada guud ahaan waxaa loogu talagalay inta u dhaxaysa 0.2 ~ 0.4mm.2) Dareemaha booska birlabta ee soo jiidashada magnetic-ka ee Jetta, Santana ee gaariga 1) Astaamaha qaab-dhismeedka dareemaha booska birlabta: Dareemaha booska birlabta ee soo jiidashada magnetic-ka ee Jetta AT, GTX iyo Santana 2000GSi waxaa lagu rakibay baloogga dhululubada ee u dhow qabsashada ku jirta kiiska birlabta, kaas oo inta badan ka kooban matoorka calaamadaha iyo rotor-ka calaamadda. Matoorka calaamadda waxaa lagu dhejiyaa baloogga matoorka wuxuuna ka kooban yahay birlabta joogtada ah, gariiradaha dareemayaasha, iyo fiilooyinka xargaha. Muraayadda dareemaha waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan gariiradda calaamadaha, madax birlabtana waxaa lagu dhejiyaa birlabta joogtada ah. Madaxa birlabta wuxuu si toos ah uga soo horjeedaa rotor-ka calaamadda nooca saxanka ilkaha ee lagu rakibay shafka crankshaft, madaxa birlabtana waxaa lagu xiraa harqood birlabta (saxanka hagaha birlabta) si loo sameeyo wareeg hagaha birlabta. Rotor-ka calaamadda waa nooc disc ah oo ilko leh, oo leh 58 ilko oo qaloocan, 57 ilko yar yar iyo hal ilig oo weyn oo si siman ugu kala fog wareeggiisa. Ilig weyn waxaa ka maqan calaamadda tixraaca wax soo saarka, oo u dhiganta silinda matoorka 1 ama silinda 4 cadaadiska TDC ka hor xagal gaar ah. Radian-ka ilkaha waaweyn waxay la mid yihiin kuwa laba ilig oo qaloocan iyo saddex ilig oo yar yar. Sababtoo ah rotor-ka calaamadda wuxuu ku wareegaa shafka crankshaft, shafka crankshaft-na hal mar ayuu wareegaa (360). , rotor-ka calaamadda sidoo kale hal mar ayuu wareegaa (360). , sidaa darteed wareegga shafka crankshaft Xagasha ay ku jiraan ilkaha qaloocan iyo cilladaha ilkaha ee wareegga rotor-ka calaamadda waa 360. , wareegga shafka crankshaft Xagasha ilig kasta oo qaloocan iyo ilig yar waa 3. (58 x 3. 57 x + 3. = 345). , Xagalka crankshaft waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa cilladda weyn ee ilkaha waa 15. (2 x 3. + 3 x3. = 15). .2) xaaladda shaqada ee dareemaha booska crankshaft: marka dareemaha booska crankshaft ee leh crankshaft uu wareego, mabda'a shaqada ee dareemaha soo-kicinta magnetic-ka, calaamadda rotor-ku mid walba wuxuu u rogaa ilig convex ah, gariiradda dareemaha waxay soo saari doontaa emf beddelaad ah oo xilliyeed ah (xoogga elektiroonigga ah ee ugu badan iyo ugu yaraan), gariiraddu waxay soo saartaa calaamad danab beddelaad ah si waafaqsan. Sababtoo ah rotor-ka calaamadda waxaa la siiyaa ilig weyn si uu u soo saaro calaamadda tixraaca, marka ilkaha weyn uu rogo madaxa birlabta, danabka calaamaddu wuxuu qaataa waqti dheer, taas oo ah, calaamadda soo-saarku waa calaamad garaac ballaaran, taas oo u dhiganta Xagal gaar ah ka hor dhululubada 1 ama dhululubada 4 cadaadiska TDC. Marka cutubka xakamaynta elektaroonigga ah (ECU) uu helo calaamad garaac ballaaran, waxay ogaan kartaa in booska sare ee TDC ee dhululubada 1 ama 4 uu soo socdo. Marka laga hadlayo booska TDC ee dhululubada 1 ama 4, waxay u baahan tahay inay go'aamiso iyadoo loo eegayo gelinta calaamadda ee dareemaha booska camshaft. Maadaama rotor-ka calaamaduhu uu leeyahay 58 ilko oo isku laaban, gariiradda dareemaha waxay soo saari doontaa 58 calaamadood oo danab beddelan ah wareeg kasta oo rotor-ka calaamaduhu sameeyo (hal wareeg oo ka mid ah rotor-ka matoorka). Mar kasta oo rotor-ka calaamaduhu ku wareego shafka matoorka, gariiradda dareemaha waxay ku quudisaa 58 garaac cutubka xakamaynta elektaroonigga ah (ECU). Sidaa darteed, 58 calaamadood oo kasta oo ay hesho dareemaha booska crankshaft, ECU waxay ogtahay in shafka matoorku uu hal mar wareegay. Haddii ECU uu helo 116000 calaamado ka imanaya dareemaha booska crankshaft 1 daqiiqo gudahood, ECU waxay xisaabin kartaa in xawaaraha crankshaft n uu yahay 2000(n=116000/58=2000)r/daqiiqo; Haddii ECU uu helo 290,000 calaamado daqiiqaddii laga bilaabo dareemaha booska crankshaft, ECU waxay xisaabisaa xawaaraha crankshaft oo ah 5000(n= 29000/58 =5000)r/daqiiqo. Sidan, ECU waxay xisaabin kartaa xawaaraha wareegga crankshaft iyadoo lagu saleynayo tirada calaamadaha garaaca ee laga helo daqiiqaddii laga helo dareemaha booska crankshaft. Calaamadda xawaaraha matoorka iyo calaamadda culayska ayaa ah calaamadaha xakamaynta ugu muhiimsan uguna aasaasiga ah ee nidaamka xakamaynta elektaroonigga ah, ECU waxay xisaabin kartaa saddex xuduudood oo xakameyn aasaasi ah iyadoo loo eegayo labada calaamadood: Xagasha hore ee duritaanka aasaasiga ah (waqtiga), Xagasha hore ee dab-shidka aasaasiga ah (waqtiga) iyo Xagasha gudbida dab-shidka (xawaaraha hore ee dab-shidka waqtiga). Jetta AT iyo GTx, Santana 2000GSi nooca soo-kicinta magnetic-ka ee gaariga ee crankshaft ee uu soo saaro calaamadda oo ah calaamadda tixraaca, xakamaynta ECU ee waqtiga duritaanka shidaalka iyo waqtiga dab-shidku waxay ku salaysan tahay calaamadda uu soo saaro calaamadda. Marka ECu uu helo calaamadda ay soo saarto cilladda ilkaha weyn, waxay xakameysaa waqtiga shidista, waqtiga duritaanka shidaalka iyo waqtiga wareejinta hadda ee gariiradda shidista (tusaale ahaan Xagasha gudbinta) sida waafaqsan calaamadda cilladda ilkaha yar.3) Gaariga Toyota TCCS ee dareemaha booska crankshaft iyo camshaft ee camshaft Nidaamka Xakamaynta Kumbuyuutarka Toyota (1FCCS) wuxuu adeegsadaa dareemaha booska crankshaft ee magnetic induction iyo camshaft ee laga beddelay qaybiyaha, oo ka kooban qaybo sare iyo hoose. Qaybta sare waxay u qaybsan tahay calaamadda tixraaca booska crankshaft ee ogaanshaha (tusaale ahaan aqoonsiga dhululubada iyo calaamadda TDC, oo loo yaqaan calaamadda G); Qaybta hoose waxay u qaybsan tahay xawaaraha crankshaft iyo matoorka calaamadda geeska (oo loo yaqaan calaamadda Ne).1) Astaamaha qaab-dhismeedka matoorka calaamadda Ne: Matoorka calaamadda Ne waxaa lagu rakibay hoos matoorka calaamadda G, oo inta badan ka kooban matoorka calaamadda No. 2, gariiradda dareemaha Ne iyo madaxa birlabta. Rotor-ka calaamadda waxaa lagu dhejiyay usha dareemaha, usha dareemaha waxaa ku shaqeeya matoorka qaybinta gaaska, dhammaadka sare ee usha waxaa lagu qalabeeyay madax dab, rotor-ku wuxuu leeyahay 24 ilko oo isku laaban. Gariiradda dareemaha iyo madaxa birlabta ayaa lagu hagaajiyaa guriga dareemayaasha, madaxa birlabtana waxaa lagu hagaajiyaa gariiradda dareemaha.2) xawaaraha iyo mabda'a jiilka calaamadda iyo habka xakamaynta: marka shafka matoorka, calaamadaha dareemayaasha camshaft ee waalka, ka dibna wadida wareegga rotor-ka, rotor-ka ilkaha soo baxaya iyo farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya madaxa birlabta ayaa si is beddel ah isu beddela, gariiradda dareemaha ee qulqulka birlabta ayaa si is beddel ah isu beddela, ka dibna mabda'a shaqada ee dareemaha soo jiidashada birlabta ayaa muujinaya in gariiradda dareemaha ay soo saari karto awood koronto oo beddel ah. Maadaama rotor-ka calaamaddu uu leeyahay 24 ilko oo wareegsan, gariiradda dareemaha waxay soo saari doontaa 24 calaamadood oo beddel ah marka rotor-ku hal mar wareego. Kacaan kasta oo usha dareemaha ah (360). Tani waxay la mid tahay laba wareeg oo shafka mishiinka ah (720). , markaa calaamad beddel ah (tusaale ahaan muddo calaamad) waxay la mid tahay wareeg shafka mishiinka ah oo ah 30. (720. Hadda 24 = 30). , waxay la mid tahay wareegga madaxa dabka 15. (30. Hadda 2 = 15). . Marka ECU ay hesho 24 calaamadood oo ka imanaya matoorka calaamadda Ne, waxaa la ogaan karaa in shafka crankshaft uu laba jeer wareego madaxa dab-shidkuna uu hal mar wareego. Barnaamijka gudaha ee ECU wuxuu xisaabin karaa oo go'aamin karaa xawaaraha shafka crankshaft ee matoorka iyo xawaaraha madaxa dab-shidka iyadoo loo eegayo waqtiga wareegga calaamadda Ne kasta. Si si sax ah loogu xakameeyo xagasha hore ee dab-shidka iyo duritaanka shidaalka, xagasha gadaal ee uu ku jiro wareegga calaamad kasta (30. Geesaha ayaa ka yar. Aad bay ugu habboon tahay in shaqadan lagu dhammeeyo microcomputer, qaybiyaha soo noqnoqoshana wuxuu calaamadayn doonaa Ne kasta (Xagasha gadaal 30). Si siman ayaa loogu qaybiyaa 30 calaamadood oo garaacis ah, calaamad kasta oo garaacis ahna waxay la mid tahay Xagasha gadaal 1. (30. Joogto 30 = 1). . Haddii calaamad kasta oo Ne ah si isku mid ah loogu qaybiyo 60 calaamadood oo garaacis ah, calaamad kasta oo garaacis ah waxay u dhigantaa Xagasha gadaal ee 0.5. (30. ÷60 = 0.5. Dejinta gaarka ah waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa shuruudaha saxnaanta xagasha iyo naqshadeynta barnaamijka.3) Astaamaha qaab-dhismeedka ee matoorka calaamadda G: Matoorka calaamadda G waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu ogaado booska xarunta sare ee dhintay ee piston (TDC) iyo in la aqoonsado dhululubada ku dhow inay gaarto booska TDC iyo calaamadaha kale ee tixraaca. Markaa matoorka calaamadda G waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan aqoonsiga dhululubada iyo matoorka calaamadda dhexe ee dhintay ee sare ama matoorka calaamadda tixraaca. Matoorka calaamadda G wuxuu ka kooban yahay rotor calaamad No. 1, gariiradda dareemaha G1, G2 iyo magnetic Madaxa, iwm. Rotor-ka calaamaduhu wuxuu leeyahay laba flanges wuxuuna ku xiran yahay shafka dareemaha. Muraayadaha dareemayaasha G1 iyo G2 waxaa loo kala saaraa 180 darajo. Marka la rakibayo, gariiradda G1 waxay soo saartaa calaamad u dhiganta matoorka lixaad ee cadaadiska dhululubada sare ee matoorka 10. Calaamadda uu soo saaro gariiradda G2 waxay u dhigantaa lO ka hor inta aan la riixin TDC ee dhululubada koowaad ee matoorka.4) Aqoonsiga dhululubada iyo mabda'a soo saarista calaamadda dhexe ee dhintay iyo habka xakamaynta: mabda'a shaqada ee matoorka calaamadda G waa la mid ah kan matoorka calaamadda Ne. Marka shaftka matoorku uu wado shafka dareemaha si uu u wareego, flanjiga rotor-ka calaamadda G (rotor-ka calaamadda No. 1) wuxuu si isle'eg u maraa madaxa birlabta ee gariiradda dareemaha, farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya flange-ka rotor-ka iyo madaxa birlabta ayaa si isle'eg isu beddela, calaamadda xoogga elektaroonigga ee beddelanna waxaa lagu kicin doonaa gariiradda dareemaha Gl iyo G2. Marka qaybta flange ee rotor-ka calaamadda G ay ku dhowdahay madaxa birlabta ee gariiradda dareemaha G1, calaamad garaaca wadnaha oo togan ayaa laga sameeyaa gariiradda dareemaha G1, taas oo loo yaqaan calaamadda G1, sababtoo ah farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya flange-ka iyo madaxa birlabta ayaa hoos u dhaca, qulqulka birlabta ayaa kordha heerka isbeddelka qulqulka birlabtana waa togan. Marka qaybta flange-ka ee rotor-ka calaamadda G uu ku dhow yahay gariiradda dareemaha G2, farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya flange-ka iyo madaxa birlabta ayaa hoos u dhaca, qulqulka birlabtana wuu kordhaa.