Tijaabada gudbinta gudbinta waa aaladda muhiimka ah ee mitirka korontada ee hore loo bixiyay.Nolosha gudbinta ayaa go'aamisa nolosha mitirka korontada ilaa xad.Waxqabadka qalabku aad ayuu muhiim ugu yahay hawlgalka mitirka korantada ee horay loo bixiyay.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira soo-saarayaal badan oo gudaha iyo dibedda ah, kuwaas oo si weyn ugu kala duwan cabbirka wax-soo-saarka, heerka farsamada iyo cabbirrada waxqabadka.Sidaa darteed, soosaarayaasha mitirka tamarta waa inay lahaadaan qalab wax lagu ogaanayo oo kaamil ah marka ay tijaabinayaan oo ay dooranayaan relays si loo hubiyo tayada mitirada korontada.Isla mar ahaantaana, State Grid ayaa sidoo kale xoojisay ogaanshaha muunad ee cabbiraadaha waxqabadka gudbinta ee mitirka korantada ee smart, kaas oo sidoo kale u baahan qalab ogaanshaha u dhigma si loo hubiyo tayada mitirada korantada ee ay soo saaraan saarayaasha kala duwan.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qalabka ogaanshaha gudbintu ma haysto hal shay oo kaliya, habka ogaanshaha lama samayn karo, xogta ogaanshaha waxa loo baahan yahay in si farsamaysan loo falanqeeyo oo loo lafo guro, natiijada ogaanshahana waxay leedahay randomity iyo macmal kala duwan.Waxaa intaa dheer, wax ku oolnimada ogaanshaha waa mid hooseeya, amnigana lama dammaanad qaadi karo [7] Labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay, Grid State wuxuu si tartiib tartiib ah u habeeyey shuruudaha farsamada ee mitirka korantada, oo la sameeyay heerarka warshadaha ee khuseeya iyo qeexitaannada farsamada, taas oo soo bandhigtay qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka farsamada. ogaanshaha halbeegyada isu-gudbinta, sida culeyska saaran iyo daminta awoodda gudbinta, tijaabinta sifooyinka beddelka, iwm. Sidaa darteed, waxaa degdeg ah in la barto aaladda si loo gaaro ogaanshaha dhammaystiran ee cabbirrada waxqabadka gudbinta [7].Sida waafaqsan shuruudaha cabbirrada waxqabadka gudbinta imtixaan, shayada imtixaanku waxa loo qaybin karaa laba qaybood.Mid waa shayada tijaabada oo aan lahayn culays hadda jira, sida qiimaha ficilka, caabbinta xidhiidhka iyo nolosha farsamada.Midda labaad waxay la socotaa alaabada tijaabada hadda jirta, sida korantada xiriirka, nolosha korantada, awoodda culeyska.Voltage ayaa looga baahan yahay hawlgalka gudbinta(2) Iska caabinta xiriirka.Qiimaha iska caabinta ee u dhexeeya laba xiriiriye marka koronto la xiro.(3) Nolosha makaanikada.Qaybaha makaanikada haddii aysan jirin wax dhaawac ah, tirada jeer ee ficilka wareejinta wareejinta.(4) Danab xiriiriye.Marka xiriirka korontadu uu xiran yahay, culeys gaar ah ayaa lagu dabaqaa wareegga xiriirka korantada iyo qiimaha korantada ee u dhexeeya xiriirada.(5) Nolosha korontada.Marka danab la qiimeeyay lagu dabaqo labada daraf ee gariiradda wadista gudbinta oo culeyska la qiimeeyay lagu dabaqo wareegga xiriirka, wareeggu wuxuu ka yar yahay 300 jeer saacaddii iyo wareegga waajibaadka waa 1∶4, waqtiyada hawlgalka lagu kalsoonaan karo ee gudbin.(6) Awoodda culeyska xad dhaafka ah.Marka danabka la qiimeeyay lagu dabaqo labada daraf ee gariiradda wadista gudbinta iyo 1.5 jeer oo culays la qiimeeyay lagu dabaqo wareegga xidhiidhka, wakhtiyada hawlgalka la isku halayn karo ee gudbinta waxa lagu gaadhi karaa inta jeer ee hawlgalka (10± 1) jeer/daq [7] . Noocyada, tusaale ahaan,, noocyo badan oo kala duwan oo Relay ah, waxaa loo qaybin karaa by xawaaraha Relay danab input, Relay hadda, Relay time, Relay, Relays cadaadis, iwm, sida waafaqsan mabda'a shaqada waxaa loo qaybin karaa electromagnetic Relay, Relays nooca induction, relay koronto, gudbin elektaroonik ah, iwm, sida ay ujeedadu waxa loo qaybin karaa relay kontoroolka, ilaalinta relay, iwm.[8] Haddii gudbintu ay ku saleysan tahay joogitaanka ama maqnaanshaha wax gelinta, gudbintu ma shaqeyso marka aysan jirin wax wax gelin ah, falcelinta gudbinta marka ay jirto wax gelinta, sida gudbinta dhexdhexaadka ah, gudbinta guud, gudbinta waqtiga, iwm. [8] ] Cabbiraadda gudbinta waxay ku salaysan tahay beddelka gelinta, gelinta had iyo jeer waa jirtaa marka la shaqeynayo, kaliya marka gelintadu gaarto qiime gaar ah ee gudbinta ayaa shaqeyn doonta, sida gudbinta hadda jirta, wareejinta danabka, gudbinta kulaylka, gudbinta xawaaraha, gudbinta cadaadiska, gudbinta heerka dareeraha, iwm.Relay Electromagnetic waxay leedahay sifooyinka qaab-dhismeedka fudud, qiimo jaban, hawlgal ku habboon iyo dayactirka, awoodda xidhiidhka yar (guud ahaan ka hooseeya SA), tiro badan oo xiriir ah oo aan lahayn dhibco muhiim ah iyo kaalmo, ma jirto qalab deminta, cabbir yar, ficil degdeg ah oo sax ah, xakamayn xasaasi ah, la isku halayn karo, iyo wixii la mid ah.Waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa nidaamka xakamaynta korantada yar.Relaysyada korantada ee sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo waxaa ka mid ah wareejinta hadda jirta, relays danabka, gudbinta dhexe iyo gudbinta guud ee kala duwan.[8] Qaabdhismeedka gudbinta korantada iyo mabda'a shaqadu waxay la mid tahay kontartarka, oo inta badan ka kooban habka korantada iyo xidhiidhka.Relays Electromagnetic waxay leeyihiin labadaba DC iyo AC.Danab ama hadda ayaa lagu daraa labada daraf ee gariiradda si loo dhaliyo xoogga korantada.Marka xoogga elektromagnetic-ka uu ka weyn yahay xoogga falcelinta guga, cududda ayaa la sawiraa si loo sameeyo xiriiriyeyaasha caadiga ah ee furan iyo kuwa xiran.Marka korantada ama hadda gariiradda ay hoos u dhacdo ama meesha ka baxdo, cudud waa la sii daayaa oo xiriirkii dib ayaa loo dajiyay.[8] Gudbinta kulaylka kuleyliyaha waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa qalabka korantada (inta badan matoorka) ilaalinta culeyska xad dhaafka ah.Relay Thermal waa nooc ka mid ah shaqada iyadoo la adeegsanayo mabda'a kuleylinta hadda ee qalabka korontada, waxay ku dhowdahay matoorka oggolaanshaha sifooyinka xad-dhaafka ah ee sifooyinka waqtiga, inta badan waxaa loo isticmaalaa xiriiriyaha, oo loo isticmaalo culeyska motoorrada asynchronous saddex-waji iyo ilaalinta fashilka wajiga saddex Matoorka asynchronous-fase ee hawlgalka dhabta ah, waxaa inta badan la kulma sabab koronto ama sababo farsamo sida hadda ka badan, xad-dhaaf ah iyo wejiga failure).Haddii wakhtiga ka badan aanu ahayn mid halis ah, muddadu waa gaaban tahay, dabayshuna aanay ka badnayn kor u kaca heerkulka la oggol yahay, tan hadda ka badan waa la oggol yahay;Haddii wakhtiga xad-dhaafka ah uu yahay mid halis ah oo uu socdo wakhti dheer, waxay soo dedejin doontaa gabowga dahaarka ee matoorka oo xitaa gubanaya matoorka.Sidaa darteed, qalabka ilaalinta gawaarida waa in lagu dhejiyaa wareegga mootada.Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo ka mid ah aaladaha ilaalinta matoorka ee isticmaalka caadiga ah, midka ugu caansanna waa xargaha kulaylka ee saxanka.Nooca birta ah ee kuleylku waa saddex weji, waxaa jira laba nooc oo leh iyo aan lahayn ilaalinta wejiga jebinta.[8]Wakhtiga gudbinta wakhtiga wareejinta waxa loo istcimaalay xakamaynta wakhtiga wareegga xakamaynta.Noockeedu aad ayuu u badan yahay, marka loo eego mabda'a ficilkiisa waxaa loo qaybin karaa nooca korantada, nooca hawo-qaboojinta, nooca korantada iyo nooca elektarooniga ah, marka loo eego habka daahitaanka waxaa loo qaybin karaa dib u dhigista awoodda iyo dib u dhigista awoodda.Soo-gaadhista wakhtiga hawo-qaboojinta waxay isticmaashaa mabda'a hawo-qashin si loo helo dib-u-dhac wakhtiga, kaas oo ka kooban habka korantada, habka dib u dhigista iyo nidaamka xidhiidhka.Farsamaynta korantada ayaa si toos ah u shaqaynaysa nooca E-nooca xudunta u ah birta, nidaamka xidhiidhka waxa uu isticmaalaa furaha I-X5, habka daahitaanka waxa uu qaataa barkinta shilka.[8]isku halaynta1.Saamaynta deegaanka ee isku halaynta gudbinta: celceliska wakhtiga u dhexeeya guuldarrooyinka relays ee ka shaqeeya GB iyo SF ayaa ah kan ugu sarreeya, oo gaadhaya 820,00h, halka deegaanka NU, ay tahay 600,00h oo keliya.[9]2.Saamaynta tayada tayada ee isku halaynta relay: marka A1 tayada relays ee la doorto, celceliska wakhtiga u dhexeeya guuldarrooyinka wuxuu gaari karaa 3660000h, halka celceliska wakhtiga u dhexeeya guuldarrooyinka relays-C-grade uu yahay 110000, farqiga u dhexeeya 33 jeer.Waxaa la arki karaa in heerka tayada relays uu saameyn weyn ku leeyahay waxqabadkooda isku halaynta.[9]3, saamaynta isku halaynta ah ee foomka xidhiidhka relay: foomka xidhiidhka relay sidoo kale saamayn doonaa isku halaynta, hal tuurista isku halaynta ee nooca relay ahaayeen ka sarreeya tirada isku mid ah nooca mindida tuur tuur double, isku halaynta si tartiib tartiib ah u yaraynaysaa. kororka tirada mindida isku mar, waa celceliska wakhtiga u dhexeeya guuldarrooyinka hal tiir hal-tuurka gudbinta afar mindi double-tuur ah 5.5 jeer.[9]4.Saamaynta nooca qaab-dhismeedka ee isku hallaynta gudbinta: waxaa jira 24 nooc oo qaab dhismeedka gudbinta ah, nooc kastaana wuxuu saameeyaa isku halaynta.[9]5.Saamaynta heerkulka on isku halaynta Relay: heerkulka hawlgalka ee Relay waa inta u dhaxaysa -25 ℃ iyo 70 ℃.Kordhinta heerkulka, celceliska wakhtiga u dhexeeya guuldarrooyinka relays ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah hoos ugu dhacaya.[9]6.Saamaynta heerka hawlgalka ee isku hallaynta gudbinta: Kor u kaca heerka hawlgalka ee gudbinta, celceliska wakhtiga u dhexeeya guuldarrooyinka ayaa asal ahaan soo bandhigaya isbeddel jibbaaran.Sidaa darteed, haddii wareegga nashqadaysan uu u baahan yahay gudbinta si uu ugu shaqeeyo heer aad u sarreeya, waa lagama maarmaan in si taxadar leh loo ogaado isu-gudbinta inta lagu jiro dayactirka wareegga si loo beddelo waqtiga.[9]7.Saamaynta saamiga hadda jira ee isku halaynta isu-gudbinta: waxa loogu yeero saamiga hadda jira waa saamiga hadda culayska shaqada ee gudbinta iyo culayska la qiimeeyay hadda.Saamiga hadda jira wuxuu saamayn weyn ku leeyahay isku halaynta isu-gudbinta, gaar ahaan marka saamiga hadda uu ka weyn yahay 0.1, celceliska wakhtiga u dhexeeya guuldarrooyinka ayaa si degdeg ah hoos ugu dhacaya, halka marka saamiga hadda uu ka yar yahay 0.1, celceliska waqtiga u dhexeeya guuldarrooyinka asal ahaan waa isku mid. , sidaas darteed culeyska leh hadda la qiimeeyay sare waa in lagu doortaa naqshadaynta wareegga si loo yareeyo saamiga hadda jira.Sidan, isku halaynta relay iyo xitaa wareegga oo dhan lama dhimi doono sababtoo ah isbeddelka hadda shaqeeya.
